[1-News-Head]
[ANCHOR=Keith 2-Shot]
Murder on Hunt Avenue. A live report includes the victim's story with no suspect yet in custody.
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
[ANCHOR=Shannon 2-Shot]
And we have the latest poll results in the A-G and Lieutenant Governor races.
(------------)
[Sports-Head]
[ANCHOR=Mike]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=mst]
[TAPE#=]
[GRAPHIC=]
Tonight on the Big 7, the Dazzle drafts a dozen players.
We've got the high school football schedule for week 10.
We're biking in the woods.
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
And Tech's Andre Davis wins a prestigious academic scholarship.
(------------)
[WX-Head]
[ANCHOR=Jacey]
[SS=None]
November begins... but leaves the cool temperatures behind in October... today was sunny, breezy and warm and tomorrow may look very similar but changes are in store for the weekend.
(-------------)
[ANCHOR=Keith 4-Shot]
News 7 is next.
[Video-Open]
[NEWSCAST=6]
[WRITER=dse]
[TAPE#=Video Open]
(--------)
[VO-NAT]
[ANCHOR=Shannon 2-Shot]
A man from Pulaski County is found shot in the back in Northwest Roanoke.
[ANCHOR=Keith 2-Shot]
City Police are asking for your help finding a suspect.
(------------)
[ANCHOR=Keith 2-Shot]
Good evening, I'm Keith Humphry.
[ANCHOR=Shannon 2-Shot]
And I'm Shannon Young.
[Roanoke-Murder]
[NEWSCAST=6]
[WRITER=rca]
[TAPE#=01-49 TC45:37]
[ANCHOR=Shannon 2-Shot]
Roanoke Police say 28-year-old David Lee Tickle died just after midnight.
[ANCHOR=Keith 2-Shot]
Officials say he was shot on Hunt Avenue northwest in Roanoke while visiting a friend.
[DOUBLE BOXES=Keith-Shannon & Rachel /Microwave;]
New River Valley Bureau Chief Rachel Cannon is in Blacksburg tonight with the family connection.
[LIVE=Rachel /FULL Microwave]
[SUPER=@Rachel1;]
[SUPER=05-Blacksburg;]
Keith, Shannon, David Lee Tickle lived in Draper and most recently Pulaski.
Autopsy results released today show he died from a gunshot wound to the back.
Today we spoke with his girlfriend's mother.
(-----------)
[VO-NAT]
[***RACHEL'S MIC HOT***]
She says her daughter Candy and David went into Roanoke last night to see one of David's friends.
[SUPER=03-Roanoke;]
Candy told her mother she was waiting in the car for David when he went in to see someone on Hunt Avenue.
She says Candy got worried when he didn't return and then she noticed police cars and saw David's body on the sidewalk.
[SUPER=03-Draper;]
The couple had been living with her and Candy's two children in this mobile home on Pine Run Road in Draper for the past 6-months.
But just a few weeks ago they moved into an apartment in Pulaski and looked forward to getting married.
Roanoke Police continue to canvass the crime scene interviewing neighbors and looking for someone who may have seen or heard something.
(-----------)
[LIVE=Rachel /FULL Microwave]
[SUPER=05-Blacksburg;]
They are of course encouraging anyone with information about the shooting
(XXXXXXX)
[TAKE FULL SCREEN BOARD]
to call Crime Line at 344-8500.
(-------------)
[DOUBLE BOXES=Keith-Shannon & Rachel/Microwave;]
Keith, Shannon?
[English]
[ANCHOR=Shannon]
[NEWSCAST=6]
[WRITER=mjo]
[TAPE#=01-43 TC1:23:51]
[GRAPHIC=None]
A Charlottesville man has admitted to murdering and robbing his stepfather -- one week before he was set to be tried for capital murder.
As Marya Jones reports, Charlie English's plea makes him the last of three men to be convicted in the New Year's Eve killing of a Rocky Mount man.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT]
[IN Q=23-year-old Charlie English]
[SUPER=03-Rocky Mount; :00]
[SUPER=01-Jeff Dorsey/English's Attorney; :15]
[SUPER=01-Mark Claytor/English's Attorney; :48]
[SUPER=01-Cliff Hapgood/Commonwealth's Attorney; 1:02]
[SUPER=@Marya1; 1:17]
[RUNS=1:27]
[OUT Q=MJN7, Rocky Mount.]
(( 23-year-old Charlie English stood before a judge, admitting his guilt in the slaying of his stepfather, 61-year-old Ralph English.
Just a week before his trial, English avoided a possible death sentence by pleading guilty to first degree murder and robbery.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT 3:16:45 - :56]
((JEFF DORSEY/ENGLISH'S ATTORNEY: HE IS VERY SURPRISED AT HIMSELF. IT ALL SEEMS VERY DIFFICULT FOR HIM TO IMAGINE THAT HE DID NOT DO ANYTHING TO STOP THIS MURDER FROM OCCURRING.))
[RUNS:11]
English is the last of three defendants to be convicted in the crime.
His cousin, 19-year-old Christopher Dorman, is serving 37 years in prison for murder and robbery.
His friend, 15-year-old Alexander Hudson, was acquitted of murder -- but is serving time in juvenile detention for robbery.
Prosecutors said the three hatched a plan to rob English's step dad, but ended up strangling him in his bed with a boot lace.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT 3:13:45 - :52]
((MARK CLAYTOR/ENGLISH'S ATTORNEY: BASICALLY AS DORMAN AND HUDSON KILLED RALPH ENGLISH, HE WAS TAKING HIS MONEY AND LOOKING FOR THE RIFLE OR THE SHOTGUN THAT WAS TAKEN.))
[RUNS:07]
Commonwealth's attorney Cliff Hapgood says THAT'S why English could NOT be tried for capital murder.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT 3:17:47 - :00]
((CLIFF HAPGOOD/COMMONWEALTH's ATTORNEY: HE WAS HELPING AND ASSISTING THE PERSONS, THOUGH HE WASN'T THE ONE THAT WAS TECHNICALLY THE KILLER. SO, THEREFORE, HE'S GUILTY OF 1ST DEGREE MURDER... AND I DON'T THINK IT WOULD HAVE BEEN PROPER FOR US TO ALLEGE OTHERWISE.))
[RUNS:13]
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT 3:23:58 - 3:24:09]
((MARYA JONES/NEWS-7: CHARLIE ENGLISH WILL BE SENTENCED BY A JUDGE ON JANUARY 7TH. UNDER THE TERMS OF HIS PLEA AGREEMENT, HE COULD RECEIVE A MAXIMUM OF 50 YEARS IN PRISON. MJN7, ROCKY MOUNT.))
[RUNS:10]))
[Power-Plants]
[ANCHOR=Shannon]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=equ]
[TAPE#=]
[GRAPHIC=America Mobilizes]
Virginia's Army National Guard has a new duty.
Governor Jim Gilmore has activated some Richmond and Tidewater area units to guards the state's two nuclear power plants.
The soldiers will support State Police and Dominion Power personnel already keeping the North Anna and Surry nuclear plants secure.
[Mason-Dixon]
[ANCHOR=Keith]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=equ]
[TAPE#=01-33 TC2:02:04]
[GRAPHIC=None]
Not much change from two weeks ago in our final NEWS 7/Mason-Dixon poll on the two other statewide races.
(------------)
[VO-NAT :32]
In the Lieutenant Governor's race, Democrat and former Richmond Mayor Tim Kaine is on top at 42 percent, just two points ahead and within the poll's margin of error to make it a dead heat.
Republican and Prince William County Delegate Jay Katzen is at 40 percent.
16 percent are still undecided.
In the race for Attorney General, Republican Jerry Kilgore holds his sizeable lead, with 46 percent support.
Democrat Donald McEachin has 35 percent support among likely voters polled.
A full 19 percent are still undecided in that race.
(------------)
[Voting]
[ANCHOR=Keith]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=equ]
[TAPE#=01-34 TC1:25:47]
[GRAPHIC=Voting Problems]
Virginia is NOT Florida.
It's NOT the new state slogan... but it is the message the State Board of Elections wants you to know before Tuesday.
Richmond Bureau Chief Ellen Qualls reports.
(/////SOT/////)
[SOT]
[IN Q=New voting machines will be tested]
[SUPER=403-Richmond; :13]
[SUPER=401-Cameron Quinn/State Board of Elections; :27]
[SUPER=420-Ellen Qualls/equalls*wdbj7.com; :38 ]
[SUPER=401-Steve Calos/Ctr. for Open & Ethical Government; :53]
[SUPER=401-Gary Thomsen/Republican Party of Virginia; 1:20 ]
[RUNS=1:46]
[OUT Q=Qualls, News 7, Richmond.]
(( New voting machines will be tested in some localities.
New laws mean old voting machines will work better.
Like the hanging chad?
The General Assembly said this year two punched corners on a paper ballot means a vote.
The N-double-A-C-P, an ethical watchdog group, and both major parties came together to say Virginia's Board of Elections is prepared.
In Florida, some voters said they were turned away.
It shouldn't happen in Virginia.
[sot tape 11:47:26 ]
((CAMERON QUINN/STATE BD. OF ELECTIONS: NUMBER ONE, ON THE LIST WE HAVE ALL OF OUR INACTIVE VOTERS AS WELL AS OUR ACTIVE VOTERS. SO THE NAMES SHOULD BE ON THE LIST GENERALLY. AND NUMBER TWO, IF THEY AREN'T, WE HAVE A CONDITIONAL BALLOTING PROCESS THAT'S BEEN IN PLACE FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS.))
[runs= 11]
A new voter guide that's almost like a bill of rights will be at every polling place -- explaining to voters and officials things like, yes, you can vote without an I-D.
150 thousand of the guides were printed, which brings up the one sore spot in Virginia.
[sot tape 11:56:06 ]
((STEVE CALOS/CTR. FOR OPEN & ETHICAL GOVERNMENT: I WOULD SAY IN FACT THAT THE BOARD IS WOEFULLY UNDERFUNDED. AND THIS HAS BEEN THE CASE NOT JUST IN THIS ADMINISTRATION BUT IN PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS. I HAVE SAT WITH CAMERON WHILE SHE TRIED TO DECIDE WHETHER SHE COULD PRINT 50 COPIES OF A BROCHURE OR 75 COPIES OF A BROCHURE.))
[runs= 15]
Democratic Party chairman Larry Framme and Republican chairman Gary Thomsen also issued a call for civility among party activists in what they predict will be a very "heated" atmosphere Tuesday.
[sot tape 12:14:40 ]
((GARY THOMSEN/REPUBLICAN PARTY OF VIRGINIA: I THINK THAT LARRY AND I WOULD LIKE TO THINK THAT ALL OF OUR PEOPLE WILL BE OUT THERE BEHAVING THEMSELVES THAT DAY, BUT WE KNOW THAT OUR PEOPLE ARE VERY INVOLVED AND ARE VERY EXCITED ABOUT THIS. AND BOTH SIDES ARE PREPARING FOR ELECTION DAY IN TERMS OF BEING ABLE TO RESPOND TO QUESTIONS THAT ARISE AS IT RELATES TO VOTING PROCEDURES.))
[runs= 18 ]
Election reform is NOT done in Virginia.
A state task force will make 20 more recommendations by December.
Ellen Qualls, News 7, Richmond.))
[Tease#1]
[ANCHOR=Shannon 2-Shot]
[SS=NONE]
Silence becomes an issue in one House of Delegates race.
We'll explain next on News 7 at Six.
(---------------)
[VO-NAT]
[***NAT SOUND UNDER***]
[ANCHOR=Keith 2-Shot]
And see how one area company is breaking new ground in doctor's offices.
(----------------)
[Byron-Miles]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=ssm]
[TAPE#=01-39 TC1:20:36]
[ANCHOR=Shannon 2-Shot]
The man challenging incumbent Kathy Byron in the 22nd House district says Byron's latest campaign message is an outright lie.
[ANCHOR=Keith 2-Shot]
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
[SUPER=403-Rustburg]
Byron mailed thousands of pamphlets this week claiming Shelton Miles.. a Baptist minister.. opposed the moment of silence law when it came before the General Assembly last year.
But Miles says he only opposed some of the original language that made prayer mandatory, and he supports the final version that recently withstood a Supreme Court challenge.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT 12:56:13]
[IN Q=I think it's]
((SHELTON MILES/I- 22ND DISTRICT CHALLENGER: I THINK IT'S BEYOND DESPERATION. SEMANTICS, I UNDERSTAND. SPIN, I UNDERSTAND. YOU EXPECT THAT IN THE POLITICAL PROCESS. BUT OUTRIGHT FALSEHOOD, DELIBERATELY PROPAGATED, REPEATED TWICE.. THAT'S SHEER DESPERATION.))
[SUPER=401-Shelton Miles/(I) 22nd House District Candidate]
[RUNS=16]
[OUT Q=that's sheer desperation.]
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
Byron says Miles is trying to duck responsibility for his liberal position by relying on a technicality.
(------------)
[Hollins-Supervisor]
[ANCHOR=Shannon]
[NEWSCAST=Six]
[WRITER=jda]
[TAPE#=01-38 TC1:53:30]
[GRAPHIC=Campaign 2001]
There's no shortage of experience in the race for Hollins supervisor.
Next week, Roanoke County voters will choose between a longtime incumbent, and a former member of the board.
Tonight, Joe Dashiell checks in with Democrat Bob Johnson and Republican Richard Flora.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT]
[IN Q=Bob Johnson lined up with his family]
[SUPER=403-Roanoke Co./Thursday; :00]
[SUPER=401-Bob Johnson/(D) Hollins Supervisor; :17]
[SUPER=404-1972; :36]
[SUPER=401-Richard Flora/(R) Candidate for Hollins Supervisor; :52]
[SUPER=420-Joe Dashiell/jdashiell*wdbj7.com; 1:04]
[RUNS=1:58]
[OUT Q=JD News 7 Roanoke County]
((Bob Johnson lined up with his family last week, and accepted endorsements from teachers, firefighters, the sheriff and others. The owner of a real estate agency and a developer, Johnson stressed his experience after 16 years on the board... and his ability to get things done.
[SOT 02:46]
[IN Q=I think it's very important]
((BOB JOHNSON: I THINK IT'S VERY IMPORTANT, WHEN YOU'VE GOT SOMEBODY THERE THAT CAN GET AN IMMEDIATE RESPONSE FOR YOU IF YOU HAVE A PROBLEM. BECAUSE THAT'S WHAT I SEE MY ROLE AS. SOMEBODY BETWEEN WHAT A LOT OF PEOPLE SEE AS A BUREAUCRACY FACELESS AS IT CAN BE SOMETIMES AND THE CITIZEN.))
[RUNS= :17]
[OUT Q=and the citizen.]
Johnson faces a challenger who also has a long record in local government. Richard Flora served on the board of supervisors from 1972 to 1975... Now the transportation supervisor for the county school system, he has also served as the chief administrator for six other Virginia localities.
[SOT ]
[IN Q=I know the budget process]
((RICHARD FLORA: I KNOW THE BUDGET PROCESS, BECAUSE I'VE PUT TOGETHER 20 OR 30 BUDGETS MYSELF. I KNOW ABOUT REZONING BECAUSE I WAS A ZONING ADMINISTRATOR. I KNOW DEVELOPMENT REGULATIONS. I KNOW HOW THINGS ARE SUPPOSED TO OPERATE.))
[RUNS= :15]
[OUT Q=how things are supposed to operate.]
How things are supposed to operate, Flora says, includes treating citizens with respect... something that has suffered he says since Johnson has been on the board.
Johnson says he does treat others with respect, but at the same time feels obligated to speak his mind.
[SOT]
[IN Q=They need to feel comfortable]
((RICHARD FLORA: THEY NEED TO FEEL COMFORTABLE, IN KNOWING THEY CAN TALK WITH YOU. THEY CAN APPEAR BEFORE THE BOARD AND THAT THEY'RE GOING TO BE TREATED WITH RESPECT. AND A LOT OF TIMES, IT JUST HASN'T HAPPENED.))
((BOB JOHNSON: I DO MY HOMEWORK. AND I CALL EM LIKE I SEE EM AND I DON'T DRESS IT UP, SO IF THAT MAKES ME APPEAR CALLOUS, THEN I APOLOGISE FOR THAT, BUT I'VE ALWAYS FOUND IT TO BE REFRESHING IN PEOPLE THAT I DEAL WITH.))
[RUNS= :25]
[OUT Q=in people that I deal with.]
Flora says he believes voters are ready for a change... Johnson says a recent citizen survey shows the vast majority are pleased with the progress of county government.
Both say they're looking forward to the voters' verdict on Tuesday.
Joe Dashiell News 7 Roanoke County))
[Stocks]
[ANCHOR=Keith 2-Shot]
[NEWSCAST=6]
[WRITER=dse]
[TAPE#=None]
[GRAPHIC=None]
Word of a tentative settlement in the Microsoft antitrust suit sent Wall Street higher.
[TAKE DOW & NASDAQ PAGE]
[RUNS=:30]
[SUPER=x5000;]
[SUPER=440-x/188.76/9263.90/x/56.10/1746.30;]
[ANCHOR=Shannon 2-Shot]
The DOW climbed 189-points.
NASDAQ gained 56.
(-------------)
[VO]
[SUPER=271-h/0.58/42.48/i/0.21/15.04/h/0.96/59.95/i/0.20/10.55/i/0.08/6.17;]
[SUPER=272-h/0.63/61.75/h/0.44/45.62/h/1.50/37.91/h/0.36/18.99/i/0.06/39.60;]
[SUPER=273-h/0.14/24.60/h/0.43/17.18/h/0.03/1.21/h/0.80/47.60/h/0.10/12.00;]
[SUPER=274-h/0.97/60.83/h/0.32/61.71/h/1.33/51.14/h/0.49/29.09/h/0.84/52.24;]
[SUPER=#555; Reset]
[D'ville-Fatal]
[ANCHOR=Shannon]
[NEWSCAST=6 PM]
[WRITER=jus]
[TAPE#=None]
[GRAPHIC=Fatal Accident]
Police are investigating an accident that killed a Danville woman this morning.
It happened just after 11:30 at the intersection of Fairview Drive and Riverside Drive.
Police say 80 year old Virginia Lawson pulled into the path of a truck.
She died at the scene.
[Provox]
[ANCHOR=Keith]
[NEWSCAST=6]
[WRITER=jmi]
[TAPE#=01-45 TC1:30:27]
[GRAPHIC=None]
A local company has won a major award from Microsoft.
(/////////SOT///////)
[SOT]
[IN Q=In accute...]
((NAT SOUND: IN ACUTE .... DOSE, PERIOD.))
[SUPER=03-Roanoke]
[RUNS=06]
[OUT Q=dose, period.]
(------------)
[VO-NAT :18]
Provox Technologies developed software that translates the spoken word into text.
It's used by 350 physicians in offices, hospitals and clinics across the country.
The software caught the eye of Microsoft last week as the company was given the 2001 Innovative Health Care Solutions Award.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT]
[IN Q=I was so]
((STEVE BENNINGTON/PROVOX CEO: I WAS SO EXCITED WHEN MARK CALLED ME FROM CALIFORNIA. I CALLED ALL OF OUR INVESTORS AT 10, 11:00 AT NIGHT AND EVERYBODY WAS JUST TICKLED PINK.))
[SUPER=01-Steve Bennington/Provox CEO]
[RUNS=08]
[OUT Q=just tickled pink.]
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
The Roanoke company plans to triple its 27-member staff by the end of next year.
(------------)
[Sports Tease]
[ANCHOR=mike]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=mst]
[TAPE#=]
[GRAPHIC=]
Coming up tonight on News 7 Sports, Andre Davis is headed to New York City for hitting the books.
The Roanoke Dazzle selects a dozen players at the league's draft.
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
And Steve Mason takes us to the Explore Park to preview a unique race in the woods this weekend.
(------------)
[S-Davis]
[ANCHOR=Mike]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=mst]
[TAPE#=SP-108 1727TC]
[GRAPHIC=ANDRE DAVIS]
Virginia Tech's top offensive player and its top citizen, Andre Davis, has been rewarded for his many accomplishments.
This afternoon Davis was named one of 16 recipients of an $18 thousand dollar post-graduate scholarship.
(------------------)
[vo nat eng#]
[SUPER=03-Blacksburg; :00]
The National Football Foundation and the College hall of fame bestowed the honor upon Davis who is a three-time academic all-Big East conference selection.
He already has earned his bachelor's degree and he's a member of Tech's honor society.
He also takes great pride in being a positive example for young kids to follow.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT]
[IN Q=BITE]
[SUPER=01-Andre Davis/Receives $18,000 Scholarship; ;00]
[RUNS=:13]
[OUT Q=...want to pursue."]
(------------)
[VO-NAT CON'T]
Andre will receive the honor on December 11th at Waldorf-Astoria.
(------------)
[S-FFE]
[ANCHOR=Mike]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=mst]
[TAPE#=sp-105 14424]
[GRAPHIC=FFE]
Tomorrow night marks the next to last Friday night of the high school football regular season.
Here's the Friday Football Extra lineup for week number 10.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT]
[IN Q=LOGO FULL]
[RUNS=1:08]
[OUT Q=LOGO FULL]
(------------)
[S-NBDL]
[ANCHOR=Mike]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=mst]
[TAPE#=SP-102 14517TC]
[GRAPHIC=NBDL]
The National Basketball Developmental League held its inaugural draft just outside of Atlanta today.
And the Dazzle picked up a dozen players.
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
[SUPER=03-Suwanee, GA; :00]
Roanoke used its top pick in the draft to select former University of Alabama star Artie Griffin.
He has played under head coach Kent Davison in both the CBA and the United States Basketball League.
(-------------)
[GO TO PINNACLE PAGE 1000]
The Dazzle's 12 picks today include a couple of interesting selections.
Lee Wilson, who played at Arkansas is a six foot 11 inch center who weighs 306 pounds.
(------------)
[GO TO PINNACLE 1001]
In the sixth round, the Dazzle took JaRon Rush from UCLA.
And guard Cornelius Jackson played at Marshall University.
(--------------)[S-Bike]
[ANCHOR=Mike]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=sma]
[TAPE#=SP-97 1:43:08]
[GRAPHIC=News 7 sports]
The Explore Park will be busy this weekend. Mountain bikers and runners will race on a course perfectly designed for the scenic fall conditions. Steve Mason has more.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT]
[IN Q=first audio]
[SUPER=03-Roanoke Co.; :00]
[SUPER=01-Mike Morris/Race Organizer & Competitor; :23]
[SUPER=01-Don Mankie/Triathlon Competitor; 1:08]
[SUPER=@Steve1; 1:19]
[RUNS=1:26]
[OUT Q=....News 7 sports"]
(--------------)
((No plans this Saturday? How about a run....then short bike ride....followed by a quick run over and through the hills and valleys of the scenic Explore Park. Most people are familar with the triathlon, but the Duathlon is becoming more popular while it goes through some changes.
((:))
The Explore Park Duathlon requires a mountain bike. Competitors begin with a two mile run followed by a 10 mile bike and the event closes with another two mile run. The race is for men and women ages 15 to 70.
((:))
Lewis Gale dietitian Don Mankie is an accomplished triathlete who has tried out the duathlon course.))
((Don Mankie/Lewis Gale Dietitian:))
((:))[Almanac]
[ANCHOR=Jacey]
[NEWSCAST=6]
[WRITER=dse]
[TAPE#=jbi]
[GRAPHIC=None]
The trees have already begun their seasonal shed and that means colder weather and a new season is right around the corner. It also means we may soon be seeing snow in the forecast... Meteorologist Leo Hirsbrunner tells us more about the month of November.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT]
[IN Q=]
[SUPER=@Leo1; :00]
[RUNS=1:08]
[OUT Q=I'm meteorologist Leo Hirsbrunner.]
[***MUSIC CONTINUES FOR :50***]
by SS