[1-News-Head]

(------------)

[VO-NAT]

The investigation of V-M-I's Superintendent is over.
And on NEWS 7 at SIX tonight, the prosecutor tells what he intends to do about General Bunting's questionable expenditures.
(-----------)
[TALENT=Keith]


And while the city gives away water-saving devices, a firm at the lake is wasting three thousand gallons of water a day.

[Sports-Head]


[ANCHOR=Steve]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=sma]
[TAPE#=]
[GRAPHIC=]


In sports, another big college football is here, Tech is off, but we will hear from UVa on the Wake contest, did Sammy hit number 60?
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
[SUPER=03-]


and qualifying was a strike out today as Hurricane Floyd invades NASCAR.
(------------)

[WX-Head]
[TALENT=Robin]
[SS=None]


Great weekend for the Jazz and Blues festival in downtown Roanoke. Show you why in a moment. [open]
[SUPER=#4054; News 7 at Six Headline Banner]
[SUPER=@Keith1;]
[SUPER=@Steve1;]
[SUPER=@Robin1;]
[RUNS=:20]



[VMI-Bunting]


[ANCHOR=Keith]
[NEWSCAST=6]
[WRITER=khu]
[TAPE#=99-25 1:56:17]
[GRAPHIC=Bunting Investigation]


Major General Josiah Bunting will not be prosecuted for making questionable purchases from his discretionary account.
The Superintendent of Virginia Military Institute has been under investigation since June- -first by state auditors, then Virginia State Police.
Today the Commonwealth's Attorney says the investigation is almost complete. It will not result in criminal charges.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT]
[IN Q=]
[SUPER=03-Lexington; ]
[SUPER=01-Gordon Saunders/Lexington Commonwealth's Atty; :00]
[SUPER=04-August 28; :38]
[SUPER=01-Tom Wright/VMI Class of '54; 1:05]
[RUNS=1:15]
[OUT Q=man is Superintendent.]



(///// SOT /////)
[SOT 03:00:20]
[IN Q=There is no evidence]

((THERE IS NO EVIDENCE OF ANY CRIME INVOLVING FRAUD OR CONCEALMENT.))

[RUNS=04]
[OUT Q=or concealment.]


The auditor said the staff at V-M-I never questioned any of Bunting's purchases... including nearly 47-thousand dollars worth of flowers, alcohol and gifts.
But Saunders says the criminal investigation found a different story.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT]
[IN Q=The state police]

((THE STATE POLICE INDICATED THAT SOME STAFF HAD QUESTIONED SOME OF THE EXPENDITURES, BUT THEY WERE OVERRIDDEN AND IT NEVER CAME UP AGAIN.))

[RUNS=08]
[OUT Q=up again.]


The auditor singled out two purchases for Bunting's children: a dinner for the Superintendent's son and a Fed- Ex shipment to his daughter. Though state police found reasonable explanations for both, Saunders says General Bunting should pay back the $101.
He says the Board of Visitors ought to review each of the 47-thousand dollars worth of questionable purchases to determine whether they were Bunting's personal expenses.
The Board has already concluded the funds were spent in V-M-I's "best interest."
Some alumni remain unhappy with Bunting.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT]
[IN Q=I will donate]

((I WILL DONATE NO MORE MONEY... AS LONG AS THAT MAN IS SUPERINTENDENT.))
[RUNS=10]
[OUT Q=man is Superintendent.]
(--------------------)
[V/O- NAT SOT]


The Prosecutor says he's still looking into allegations that Bunting wrote the book "An Education for Our Time" on "company time," so to speak... that is, while he was employed as V-M-I Superintendent... using V-M-I employees to edit and type the manuscript.
(-------------------)
[ANCHOR=Keith]
[GRAPHIC=Hold]


V-M-I Board President Bruce Gottwald says the Institute hired Bunting in hopes he would continue his scholarly writings. "We presumed," Gottwald says, "that he would use his staff to assist him."







[Wright]


[ANCHOR=Keith]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=ssm]
[TAPE#=99-40 28:46]
[GRAPHIC=None]


The last of three capital murder cases in Bedford County this year wrapped up quickly this morning, when the defendant pled guilty to a reduced charge of first degree murder.
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
[SUPER=03-Bedford]


23- year- old Robert Junior Wright admitted he took part in the brutal beating death of Jeffrey Kirkland in April of 1998.
Prosecutors accepted the plea agreement to spare Kirkland's ten- year- old nephew from having to testify.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT 00:52:12]
[IN Q=This was a]

((RANDY KRANTZ/PROSECUTOR: THIS WAS A YOUNG MAN WHO'D ALREADY SEEN HIS UNCLE BRUTALLY MURDERED IN FRONT OF HIS EYES.. AND THEN TO BRING HIM BACK IN A TRIAL WHICH HAD THE AMBIANCE OF ANOTHER DEATH PENALTY BEING IMPOSED.. WHILE THE COMMONWEALTH WAS PREPARED TO DO THAT, WE WANTED TO BALANCE HIS INTERESTS.))
[SUPER=01-Randy Krantz/Prosecutor]
[RUNS=13]
[OUT Q=balance his interests.]
(------------)
[VO-NAT]


Wright got a prison term of 41- years and 9- months.
His twin brother still faces trial for his role in the crime.
(------------)



[Gilmore]


[ANCHOR=Keith]
[NEWSCAST=6p]
[WRITER=jmc]
[TAPE#=99-36 33:16]
[GRAPHIC=Hurricane Floyd Aftermath]


Governor Gilmore today got a firsthand look at the damage from Hurricane Floyd in southeastern Virginia.
(------------)
[VO-NAT]


About 20 inches of rain fell on the region, flooding interstate and primary roads.
Many of them are still closed.
[SUPER=03-Southampton Co.]


One of the communities that's in trouble is the city of Franklin, near the North Carolina border.
The Blackwater River has flooded the downtown business district, forced 130 people from their homes, and cut off phone service.
And things may get worse there. The river is still rising.
The National Guard may have to find shelter for even more people in Franklin.
The governor also toured Portsmouth, where the water system is still down.
The federal government is trucking in more than 200-thousand gallons of bottled water a day.
(------------)
[ANCHOR=Keith]
[Graphic=Hold]


Two Red Cross volunteers left Roanoke today ... to help distribute food and drinks to flood victims in the Hampton Roads area. They are joining volunteers from many parts of the state.

[First-Wx]


[ANCHOR=Keith]
[NEWSCAST=6]
[WRITER=ejo]
[TAPE#=]
[GRAPHIC=None]


Too much water in eastern Virginia ... but we could still use some more in our part of the state. Robin Reed says don't count on any this weekend.
[MCU]WX OFFICE
[ADLIB ABOUT SUNSHINE]
[ROLL] [Roll]
[TALENT=Robin]
[SS=NONE]
[SUPER=80-74/52/0.00''/74/47/0.00''/70/47/0.00''/70/48/0.00'']
[SUPER=81-79/53/0.00''/79/46/0.00''/66/48/0.00'']
[SUPER=82-4.23''/plus 2.35''/27.27''/minus 2.23'']
[SUPER=83-Down 1.69 feet/Down 0.98 foot]

[SUPER=84-Down 25.0 feet/Mandatory Restrictions][Water-Rates]



[ANCHOR=Keith]
[NEWSCAST=Six]
[WRITER=jda]
[TAPE#=599-12 1:13:48]
[GRAPHIC=Water -Higher Rates]


The new year will likely bring higher water rates for Roanoke residents.
On Monday night, city council will consider a proposal that would raise rates by about 18 percent effective January first.
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
[SUPER=03-Carvins Cove]


The higher rates are the result of the current drought and the city's new water sharing agreement with roanoke county.
The city must pay for bulk water purchases, and new connections to the Roanoke County water system. The city also stands to lose annual revenue of more than one million dollars that came from the sale of water to the county.
(------------)
[Anchor=Keith]
[GRAPHIC=Hold]


When a second increase takes effect in 2001, the average residential customer will be paying about two dollars

and 30 cents more per month. [Shower-Kits]


[ANCHOR=Keith]
[NEWSCAST=Six]
[WRITER=jda]
[TAPE#=99-45 9:00]
[GRAPHIC=None]


Higher rates may give Roanokers another reason to save water, and today the city offered residents some help with that.
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
[SUPER=03-Roanoke]


Mandatory water restrictions are still in effect, so city employees are distributing free water conservation kits...
The packs include low- flow shower heads, faucet aerators, and devices for the toilet tank.
This morning, Acting Assistant City Manager Diane Akers and other employees set up shop in the parking lot of the Roanoke Civic Center. The next giveaway is scheduled for Tuesday morning from 7:00 to 8:30 at the Sonic Restaurant on Franklin Road.
(------------)
[Tease#1]

[HARD MUSIC UNDER]
[ANCHOR=Keith]
[SS=NONE]


Virginians give Gilmore good marks, but they're not so sure about some other high-ranking office-holders. That story is still ahead.
(---------------)
[VO-NAT]


And why does the owner of a water company refuse to fix this leak? He's even putting his refusal in writing.
(----------------)

[MUSIC UP FULL]
[COMM#1]


[Waterworks]


[ANCHOR=Keith]
[NEWSCAST=6]
[WRITER=tte]
[TAPE#=99-42 6:05]
[GRAPHIC=None]


The drought of 99 is far from over.
Many people are still under water restrictions.
But a small Smith Mountain Lake water company is wasting three thousand gallons of water every day.
This has been going on for almost two months.
Residents are angry with the company's owner, and so are two state agencies.
Tina Tenret shows us why.

(///// SOT /////)
[SOT]
[IN Q=If we're still in a drought]
[SUPER=01-David Talbott/Resident; :10]
[SUPER=03-Franklin Co.; :38]
[RUNS=2:05]
[OUT Q=Tina Tenret News7 Franklin County]


(( If we're still in a drought, why are at least two gallons of water A MINUTE running down David Talbott's driveway?

(///// SOT /////)
[SOT 34:25]
[IN Q=THIS HAS BEEN]

((DAVID TALBOTT/RESIDENT: THIS HAS BEEN GOING ON FOR SIX WEEKS NOW, AND I THINK IT'S A CRIMINAL WASTE OF WATER.)) [RUNS04]
[OUT Q=WASTE OF WATER]



The local water company refuses to repair the leak.

(///// SOT /////)
[SOT 11:23]
[SOT 12:42]
[IN Q=THIS IS WHERE]

((TALBOTT: THIS IS WHERE I FIRST SAW IT BUBBLING UP. AND THEN IT'S GONE FROM HERE TO SATURATE ALL THIS GROUND. BUTT BUTT BUTT IT'S GONE UNDER THE DRIVEWAY SO IT'S PERCOLATING UP THROUGH THE BLACKTOP, BUT EVEN THAT HAS BECOME SATURATED.)) [RUNS15]
[OUT Q=BECOME SATURATED]



The Waterworks Company of Franklin County appears to be a one-man business.
Robert Winney runs it from his home.
He did not return three phone messages from News7.

Winney's first water company went bankrupt three years ago.
He bought the system back and now serves four subdivisions of Smith Mountain Lake families.

(///// SOT /////)
[SOT 30:50]
[IN Q=YOU'RE HOLDING]

((DAVID TALBOTT/RESIDENT: YOU'RE HOLDING 50 RESIDENTS HOSTAGE.)) [RUNS05]
[OUT Q=50 RESIDENTS HOSTAGE]



State Corporation Commission records show:
Winney frequently cut the water off.
He blamed imaginary shareholders.
And he overcharged residents.
In April, the S-C-C fined Robert Winney 25-hundred dollars for what they called "systematic overbilling."
They also refused to let him raise rates by 33 percent.

(///// SOT /////)
[SOT 36:17]
[IN Q=What happens]

((TALBOTT: WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU ASK HIM TO FIX THE LEAK? HE SAYS HE DOESN'T HAVE ANY MONEY.)) [RUNS06]
[OUT Q=ANY MONEY]



Robert Winney wrote to David Talbott.
His letter says "You cannot have this both ways. You want to keep the rates ridiculously low so that we cannot pay expenses but when something goes wrong then you want someone to do the repair work immediately."
Now Winney wants to raise rates 13-dollars a quarter.
The S-C-C staff has filed a motion to turn him down.
No ruling yet.

And the State Health Department says with every minute -- another two to four gallons of water, wasted.
Tina Tenret News7 Franklin County ))



[Mason-Dixon]


[ANCHOR=Keith]
[NEWSCAST=6p]
[WRITER=jmc]
[TAPE#=99-32 55:53]
[GRAPHIC=News 7 Poll]


A News-7 poll shows most people like how Governor Gilmore is doing his job.
But not many voters know much about the two men who may try to succeed him.
(------------)


The survey by Mason-Dixon Research puts Gilmore's job approval rating at 59 percent across the state.
The poll also found that a lot of voters haven't heard much about Lt. Governor John Hager. Some 45 percent of the people surveyed did NOT have an opinion about how well he's doing his job.
As for Attorney General Mark Earley, 33 percent of those surveyed couldn't decide how to rate his performance in office.
(------------)


[Stocks]


[ANCHOR=Keith]
[NEWSCAST=6]
[WRITER=]
[TAPE#=None]
[GRAPHIC=NONE]


Stocks finished the week with a strong Friday advance. [TAKE DOW & NASDAQ PAGE ]
[RUNS=:25]
[SUPER=x5102;]
[SUPER=430-x/66.17/10803.63/x/62.91/2869.63;]


The Dow rose 66 points. NASDAQ Climbed 63.


[SUPER=431-hc/35d/h!/45%/he/55*/hc/64c/ia/22g;]
[SUPER=432-i1e/37@/i!/4e/hc/46%/ie/38&/he/43!;]
[SUPER=433-h2c/119d/hd/26d/u/27a/ib/9a/if/35*;]

[SUPER=434-ie/15&/ie/66e/ia/33b/h$/78/h1b/46r;][Rubatex]



[ANCHOR=Keith]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=sgo]
[TAPE#=99-28 1:24:19]
[GRAPHIC=Rubatex Strike]


Neither side sees an end to the Rubatex strike.
But a union spokesman has broken the Steelworkers' silence -- sort of.
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
[SUPER=03-Bedford/Yesterday;]


The local 240 still refuses to talk about the issues behind its strike.
But spokesman Melvin Watson WILL say there's a reason for that:
The union doesn't want to negotiate a contract through the media.
Watson also said the union maintains a strong bargaining position --
Even though Rubatex insists the strike isn't hurting productivity.
Rubatex says the battle is over wages, mandatory overtime and company contributions to a health-care plan.
The company says it's ready to resume talks ... it's just waiting to hear from the union.
(------------)


[Health-Intervention]


[ANCHOR=Keith]
[NEWSCAST=6]
[WRITER=tfl]
[TAPE#=99-26 1:54:06]
[GRAPHIC=None]


One year ago the Virginia Health Practitioners Intervention Program was established -- today it's called a success.
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
[SUPER=03-Roanoke; ]

Health care workers are gathering today and tomorrow at the Hotel Roanoke Conference Center to discuss treatment options and complex legal implications surrounding medical professionals in crisis. Some of these participants wanted to remain anonymous. Health care providers are at greater risk than the general population for chemical and alcohol abuse.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT ub 10 15 23]
[IN Q=One thing about]

((JOHN HASTY/PROGRAM DIRECTOR: ONE THING ABOUT HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS THEY HAVE THE KNOWLEDGE TO HIDE IT LONGER THAN THE AVERAGE CITIZEN. CONSEQUENTLY WHEN IT FINALLY COMES TO LIFE, THEY HAVE A BIGGER PROBLEM.))
[SUPER=01-John Hasty/Program Director; ]
[RUNS=:12]
[OUT Q=bigger problem.]
(------------)
[VO-NAT]

Hasty says it's also a greater risk because doctors, nurses and pharmacists have ready access to drugs.
(------------)





[Sports tease]


[ANCHOR=Steve]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=sma]
[TAPE#=]
[GRAPHIC=]


Qualifying from New Hampshire must wait thanks to Hurricane Floyd, a complete rundown of all your football schedules this weekend,
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
[SUPER=03-]


including a look at UVa/Wake Forest, how are the Cavaliers planning to stop the surprising Demon Deacs running game.
(------------)


[S-Qualify]


[ANCHOR=Steve]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=sma]
[TAPE#=SP-38]
[GRAPHIC=NEW HAMPSHIRE]


Hurricane Floyd affected Winston Cup racing today as qualifying at New Hampshire International Speedway for Sunday's Dura Lube/K-Mart 300 was rained out.
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
[SUPER=03-Loudon, NH/SpeedVision; :00]


Ernie Irvan was walking through the garage surveying the precipitation that has been falling at the track for two straight days.
The garage area was quiet and vacant this afternoon as NASCAR called off time trials and rescheduled them for tomorrow morning at 11.
(------------)


[S-River]


[ANCHOR=Steve]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=sma]
[TAPE#=none]
[GRAPHIC=New River Valley Speedway]


The New River Valley Speedway holds it's final race of the season tomorrow night. The Performance Pennzoil 300 goes under the lights tonight in a 200 lap Late Model Stock Car race.

[S-Floyd]


[ANCHOR=Steve]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=mst]
[TAPE#=]
[GRAPHIC=FLOYD/GILES]


The September 3rd Giles-Floyd game produced one of the most exciting finishes of this high school football season, but the game also has generated some criminal charges for two Giles' fans.
Doris Lee Ratcliffe faces a misdemeanor assault and battery charge after being accused of hitting a referee with a stadium seat after the game.
Her husband Bentley Wayne Ratcliffe faces two felony assault charges on a police officer after intervening on behalf of his wife.
Their trial is set for October 14th, and Floyd Commonwealth's attorney Gino Williams says the woman could face up to 12 months in jail and a $25 hundred dollar fine.
Their son is a star player on the Giles' team.




[S-UVA]


[ANCHOR=Steve]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=sma]
[TAPE#=SP-46 24:58]
[GRAPHIC=ACC]


Tomorrow night at seven, Virginia and Wake Forest clash at Scott Stadium in the Cavaliers first home game of the 99 season.
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
[SUPER=03-Charlottesville; :00]


The homecoming day will be extra special for the Wahoos considering this is their debut in front of the home fans and the Cavalier faithful will witness the ongoing construction on the additions to Scotts Stadium, which will increase seating for the game.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT]
[IN Q="well...]

((GEORGE WELSH/UVA HEAD COACH:))
[SUPER=01-George Welsh/UVa Head Coach; :00]
[RUNS=:20]
[OUT Q=for two weeks"]
(---------------)
[VO-NAT]
[SUPER=03-West Point, NY/Last Saturday;]


Last Saturday, Wake Forest opened the season with an impressive win over Army in which the Demon Deacons rushed for 320 yards behind the legs of Morgan Cain, who amassed 211 yards on the ground.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT]
[IN Q="he's]

((SHANNON TAYLOR/UVA LINEBACKER:)) ((JIM CALDWELL/WAKE FOREST HEAD COACH:))
[SUPER=01-Shannon Taylor/UVa Linebacker; :00]
[SUPER=01-Jim Caldwell/Wake Forest Head Coach; :23]
[RUNS=:40]
[OUT Q=....big test for us"]
(------------------)





[S-College]


[ANCHOR=Steve]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=sma]
[TAPE#=]
[GRAPHIC=VMI]


VMI plays host to East Tennessee State tomorrow at 1pm.
[GRAPHIC=Liberty]


The Flames of Liberty take on Tennessee Tech on the road in a 2pm kick off.
[GRAPHIC=Ferrum]


In D-III action, Ferrum also must travel. The Panthers battle Greensboro away at 1pm.
[GRAPHIC=ODAC]


In ODAC action, Washington & Lee and Guilford will meet tomorrow at Wilson Field In Lexington in another 1pm start.

[S-Page]


[ANCHOR=Steve]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=sma]
[TAPE#=]
[GRAPHIC=none]

[WIPE TO PINNACLE PAGE!!!!]
[@PAGE1-----7501]


On the national college front, Penn State takes on Miami tomorrow in a 3pm kickoff, followed by the Tennessee/Florida SEC showdown at 8pm, you can catch both games right here on your Hometown Station.
[@PAGE2-----7503]


Then on Sunday, keep it on WDBJ for NFL action beginning at noon with the Jacksonville/Carolina game. Then at for, Denver will try and rebound from Monday night's loss by taking on Kansas City.

[S-Express]


[ANCHOR=Steve]
[NEWSCAST=6pm]
[WRITER=sma]
[TAPE#=]
[GRAPHIC=]


Believe it or not, Roanoke Express training camp begins October first, just two weeks away. So far Roanoke has 12 players returning.
(------------)
[VO-NAT]
[SUPER=03-Roanoke; :00]


Left winger Tim Christian, who was the second leading scorer on the team a season ago with 22 goals and 30 assists, and goalie Daniel Berthiaume worked camp this summer to keep in shape. Both are looking for a solid season, despite eight to 10 new players.
(///// SOT /////)
[SOT]
[IN Q="i'm]
[SUPER=01-Tim Christian/Express Left Wing; :00]
[SUPER=01-Daniel Berthiaume/Express Goalie; :12]
[RUNS=:23]
[OUT Q=....not enough"]


[Wx-Tape]
[SUPER=305-74/52/95/1991/43/1966]
[SUPER=306-73/49/43/NW-8mph/30.09s/7:04am/7:23pm]


[WEATHER] [6PM WEATHER] [09/17/1999] [SS NONE] [ENG/FULL]LOCAL WEATHER VIDEO [ADD CHYRON/ENG/FULL]HIGHS & LOWS CURRENT STATS [MUSIC UNDER] [COMMERCIAL] [CK/CHYRON/VIEWERNET] [CK/WXPRO]WEATHER MAPS [CK/CHYRON/5 PAGES] FORECASTS [ESS/FULL] EXTENDED FORECAST[Forecasts]
[SUPER=#578]
[SUPER=X5000]
[SUPER=330-Mostly Clear/Light Winds/40-44/Mostly Sunny/And Mild/73-76]
[SUPER=331-Mostly Clear/And Chilly/46-50/Mostly Sunny/Pleasant/72-76]
[SUPER=332-Clear and/Cool/40-44/Mostly Sunny/Pleasant/70-72]
[SUPER=333-Clear and/Cool/40-44/Mostly Sunny/Light Winds/68-72]
[SUPER=334-Clear and/Cold/38-40/Mostly Sunny/Light Winds/68-70]

[SUPER=X5001][Promo]



[ANCHOR=6]
[NEWSCAST=6]
[WRITER=ejo]
[TAPE#=99-31]
[GRAPHIC=None]
They've sold millions of albums --- and tonight this five-man band is in Roanoke performing at First Fridays.
[Double Boxes=Keith & Joy/Microwave]


Joy Sutton is in downtown Roanoke to tell us more about this group.
[Live=Joy Full/Microwave]


Keith, in about 30 minutes Blessid Union of Souls will take the stage.
[SUPER=@Joy1;]
[SUPER=05-Roanoke;]


I had a chance to meet the band earlier today, and they gave a sample of what their fans can expect to hear tonight.
(/////SOT/////)
[SOT]
[IN Q=A lot of people who come to the show]

((SINGS))
[RUNS=:20]
[OUT Q=old Virginia.]
(----------)
[Live=Joy Full/Microwave]
[SUPER=05-Roanoke;]


Tonight on News 7 at 11 we'll bring you more from the band's concert .. and give you to find out more about Blessid Union of Souls.
[Double Boxes=Keith & Joy/Microwave]


Keith,[Close]


[ANCHOR=]
[NEWSCAST=6]
[WRITER=]
[TAPE#]
[GRAPHIC=]
(Weekday 6 only)
[SUPER=x4032; e-mail/Most Watched/Copyright/WEEKDAYS]
SUPER=x4033; Fax/Most Watched/Copyright/WEEKDAYS
(Weekend 6 only)

SUPER=x4031; Fax/Copyright/WEEKENDS SUPER=x4030; e-mail/Copyright/WEEKENDS
by SS