Type of Document	Dissertation
Author	Chanchao, Chanpen
Author's Email Address	chanchao@vt.edu
URN	etd-070199-115953
Title	The Role of 5' Nucleotidase in the Regulation of Morphogenesis in Dictyostelium Discoideum
Degree	PhD
Department	Biology
Advisory Committee	Advisor Name Title Rutherford, Charles L. Committee Chair Claus, G. William Committee Member Esen, Asim Committee Member Lederman, Muriel L. Committee Member Stevens, Ann M. Committee Member
Keywords	gene disruption 5’ nucleotidase alkaline phosphatase AX3K transformants purification expression
Date of Defense	1999-06-28
Availability	unrestricted
Abstract The Role of 5’ Nucleotidase in the Regulation of Morphogenesis in Dictyostelium Chanpen Chanchao (ABSTRACT) 5’ Nucleotidase (5NU) in Dictyostelium discoideum is an enzyme that shows high substrate specificity to 5’AMP. The enzyme has received considerable attention in the past because of the critical role played by cyclic AMP in cell differentiation in this organism. Degradation of cAMP by cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) produces 5’AMP, the substrate of 5NU. Dictyostelium switches its genetic program from growth to cellular differentiation when nutrients become limited. During the time course of development, the activity of 5NU is high and becomes restricted to a narrow band of cells that form the interface between the prestalk/prespore zones. Understanding how this gene is regulated will provide knowledge underlying the process of cell differentiation. In order to understand the functional significance of the 5NU, I first purified of the 5NU protein using an artificial substrate p-nitrophenol phosphate (pNPP). An activity stain on non-denaturing gels with Nitro Blue Tetrazolium (NBT) and 5-Bromo-4-Chloro-3-Indolyl Phosphate (BCIP) as the substrate was also used. A polypeptide of approximately 90 kDa was associated with 5NU enzyme activity after gel filtration chromatography and denaturing gel electrophoreses. Protein sequence of this peptide was obtained from Mass Spectrometry and Edmund Degradation. Various databanks were searched for similar sequences, but no matches with high identity were obtained. However, a search of the sequences of an ongoing cDNA project at the University of Tsukuba in Japan revealed a clone that corresponded to the peptide sequence of 5NU. In addition, a clone was found that corresponded to the classical "alkaline phosphatase" found in several organisms. Analysis of the expression of the 5NU and AP during Dictyostelium development by Northern blotting determined that the 5NU is developmentally regulated while the AP is expressed at all stages of the life cycle. Southern blot analysis showed a single form of the gene for both 5NU and AP. Targeted gene disruption and knockout mutagenesis using the 5NU sequences flanking a blasticidin-resistant cassette was attempted. Analysis of the transformants showed the 5NU gene was not disrupted, and that the blasticidin-resistant cassette was randomly inserted into the genome
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