Type of Document	Dissertation
Author	Hall, Robert Dickinson
URN	etd-07082010-020150
Title	Adrenal steroid, blocking agent, and social stress effects on northern fowl mite population development on Leghorn chickens and toxicological evaluation of selected acaricides (Acarina: macronyssidae).
Degree	PhD
Department	Entomology
Advisory Committee	Advisor Name Title Turner, E. Craig Jr. Committee Chair Grayson, James McD. Committee Member Gross, W. B. Committee Member Robinson, William H. Committee Member
Keywords	poultry mites
Date of Defense	1977-07-15
Availability	restricted
Abstract Administration of adrenal steroids or blocking agents at optimum doses influenced northern fowl mite development on chickens. Corticosterone at 20 ppm or desoxycorticosterone at 30 ppm in feed were most effective in inhibiting mite infestations. High levels of social stress increased resistance of chickens to mites in a manner similar to but more effective than steroid administration. The mechanism of resistance was a decrease in capillary density at the skin surface. Commercial laying hens caged alone had lower plasma corticosterone levels and supported more mites than hens caged in groups. Stress-induced, steroid initiated, or inbred mite resistance was incompatible with maximum production from chickens. Resistant chickens produced poorer weight gains and testes mass than did susceptible birds. Sex hormones were shown to play a supplementary, and antibody a minor role in mite resistance. Carbaryl was shown to be the compound most toxic to northern fowl mites of those registered in Virginia for application to poultry. Malathien resistance was noted in mites from a commercial poultry house. The synthetic pyrethroid permethrin was effective against these mites.
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