In historical, large-magnitude earthquakes, lateral spreading has been a very damaging type of ground failure. When a subsurface soil deposit liquefies, intact
blocks of surficial soil can move downslope, or toward a vertical free face, even when the ground surface is nearly level. A lateral spread is defined
as the mostly horizontal movement of gently sloping ground (less than 5% surface slope) due to elevated pore pressures or liquefaction in undelying, staturated soils.
Here, lateral spreading is defined specifically to exclude liquefaction failures of steeper embankments and retaining walls, which can also produce
lateral surface deformations. Lateral spreads commonly occur at waterfront sites underlain by saturated, recent sediments and are particularly threatening to
bur transportation networks. While the occurrence of soil liquefaction and lateral spreading can be predicted at a given site, methods are needed to estimate
the magnituted of the resulting deformations.
In this research effort, an empirical model was developed for prediciting horizontal and vertical surface displacements due to liquefaction-induced lateral
spreading. The resulting model isled "EPOLLS" for Empirical Prediction Of Liquefaction-induced Lateral Spreading. Multiple linear regression analyses
were used to develop model equations from a compiled database of historical lateral spreads. The complete EPOLLS model is comprised of four components:
(1) Regional-EPOLLS redicting horizontal displacements based on the seismic source and local severity of shaking, (2) Site-EPOLLS for improved
predictions with the addition of data on the site topography, (3) Geotechnical-EPOLLS using additional data from soil borings at the site, and (4)
Vertical-EPOLLS for predicting vertical displacements. The EPOLLS model is useful in phased liquefaction risk studies: starting with regional risk
assessments and minimal site information, more precise predictions of displacements can be made with the addition of detailed site- specific data. In each
component of the EPOLLS model, equations are given for predicting the average and standard deviation of displacements. Maximum displacements can be
estimated using probabilities and the gamme distribution for horizontal displacements or the normal distribution for vertical displacements.
Keywords:
ground deformation, lateral spreading, lifeline damage, slope stability, soil liquefaction
Availability:
VT ONLY
Public URL:
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/public/etd-219182249741411/new_etd-title.html
List of attached files
| File Name | Size (Bytes) |
| Apxa.pdf | 73,266 Bytes |
| Apxb.pdf | 51,966 Bytes |
| Apxc.pdf | 74,852 Bytes |
| Apxd.pdf | 273,044 Bytes |
| Apxe.pdf | 41,090 Bytes |
| Chp01.pdf | 44,794 Bytes |
| Chp02.pdf | 81,367 Bytes |
| Chp03.pdf | 167,534 Bytes |
| Chp04.pdf | 181,402 Bytes |
| Chp05.pdf | 114,652 Bytes |
| Chp06.pdf | 625,556 Bytes |
| Chp07.pdf | 196,278 Bytes |
| Chp08.pdf | 322,463 Bytes |
| Chp09.pdf | 902,252 Bytes |
| Chp10.pdf | 203,349 Bytes |
| Chp11.pdf | 211,865 Bytes |
| Chp12.pdf | 54,138 Bytes |
| Etd.pdf | 122,504 Bytes |
| Refer.pdf | 60,242 Bytes |
| Vita.pdf | 5,558 Bytes |
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