1. DATA No. (FILE NAME) N1000001 2. KEY WORDS Natural Convection, Turbulent Boundary Layer, Heat Transfer Rate, Wall Shear Stress, Hot-wire Measurement 3. DATA TAKERS AND ARTICLE TITLE a. T. Tsuji and Y. Nagano b. Dep. of Mech. Eng., Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466 c. Characteristics of a Turbulent Natural Convection Boundary Layer along a Vertical Flat Plate d. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer e. Vol. 31, No. 8, 1723-1734 (1988) 4. ABSTRACT OF EXPERIMENT A detailed hot-wire measurement of a turbulent natural convection boundary layer is made paying close attention to the characteristics of the near-wall region which has not been clarified quantitatively. Heat transfer rate and wall shear stress are determined from mean temperature and mean velocity profiles on theoretical grounds. These measure- ments yield important results concerning the availability of the conventional analogy between heat and momentum transfer and the concept of the viscous sublayer for natural convec- tion. Also, the streamwise development of the turbulent boundary layer is systematically investigated for mean velocity, mean temperature and both velocity and tempera- ture fluctuations. 5. INSTRUMENTATION The flat surface generating flow was a copper plate 4 m high, 1 m wide and 2 mm thick. A normal hot-wire and a cold-wire made of 0.0031 mm dia. tungsten were used to measure fluid velocity and temperature. A 0.025 mm dia. platinum-rhodium-platinum thermocouple was used simulta- neously for the measurement of fluid temperature near the wall. 6. EXPERIMENTAL PARAMETERS *** Test conditions *** a. Measurements of heat transfer rate Wall temp. Tw : 100 deg. (Tw-Ta=75.69 deg.?`84.93 deg.) 60 deg. (Tw-Ta=46.33 deg.?`48.97 deg.) (Ta: Ambient temp.) Measuring point x : 0.113 m?`3.703 m (Vertical location) b. Measurements of wall shear stress Wall temp. Tw : 60 deg. (Tw-Ta=43.19 deg.?`44.25 deg.) (Ta: Ambient temp.) Measuring point x : 0.307 m?`3.244 m (Vertical location) c. Velocity and temperature measurements No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 Comments x [m] 1.438 1.918 2.535 3.244 : Vertical location Tw[deg.] 60.01 60.05 59.97 60.42 : Wall temp. Ta[deg.] 16.36 16.86 16.69 16.51 : Ambient temp. Pa[Pa] 1.012E05 1.012E05 1.013E05 1.015E05 : Atom. pres. Grx 1.553E10 3.624E10 8.441E10 1.797E11 : Grashof no. Pr 0.710 0.710 0.710 0.710 : Prandtl no. Physical properties were evaluated at the film tempera- ture (=(Tw+Ta)/2), except that the body expansion coefficient B was defined as 1/Ta. Ambient temperature increased nearly 2 deg. in the vertical direction from the leading to the trailing edges of the plate. 7. MEASURED VARIABLES Nux - Nusselt number T - Mean temperature t2 - Intensity of temperature fluctuation (rms value) t* - Friction temperature U - Mean streamwise velocity u2 - Intensity of streamwise velocity fluctuation (rms value) u* - Friction velocity ut - Streamwise turbulent heat flux y - Distance normal to the flat plate Fw - Wall shear stress 8. DATA a. Heat Transfer Rate (Data in the laminar and transition regions are included.) Tw=60 deg. GrxPr Nux 1 6.744E+06 1.952E+01 2 1.205E+08 4.132E+01 3 4.972E+08 6.053E+01 4 1.417E+09 8.905E+01 5 3.126E+09 1.801E+02 6 8.776E+09 2.490E+02 7 2.101E+10 3.278E+02 8 2.918E+10 3.595E+02 9 5.311E+10 4.366E+02 10 9.216E+10 5.539E+02 11 1.471E+11 6.046E+02 12 2.156E+11 7.038E+02 Tw=100 deg. GrxPr Nux 1 7.212E+06 2.057E+01 2 6.382E+06 1.992E+01 3 1.500E+08 4.436E+01 4 1.452E+08 4.248E+01 5 7.938E+08 6.960E+01 6 1.054E+09 8.206E+01 7 2.009E+09 1.355E+02 8 1.740E+09 1.124E+02 9 3.956E+09 1.965E+02 10 7.256E+09 2.266E+02 11 1.137E+10 2.733E+02 12 1.161E+10 2.695E+02 13 1.767E+10 3.157E+02 14 2.655E+10 3.606E+02 15 3.276E+10 3.839E+02 16 3.885E+10 3.952E+02 17 4.983E+10 4.402E+02 18 6.372E+10 4.871E+02 19 8.770E+10 5.502E+02 20 8.805E+10 5.322E+02 21 1.127E+11 5.973E+02 22 1.164E+11 5.914E+02 23 1.397E+11 6.363E+02 24 1.855E+11 6.763E+02 25 1.892E+11 7.016E+02 26 2.445E+11 7.757E+02 27 2.777E+11 7.786E+02 Correlation (turbulent region, GrxPr>3.5E09): NUx=0.120(GrxPr)**(1/3) b. Wall Shear Stress (Data in the laminar and transition regions are included.) Grx Fw /(RUb**2) 1 1.508E+08 4.472E+00 2 6.762E+08 5.083E+00 3 3.906E+09 4.963E+00 4 1.553E+10 4.935E+00 5 3.624E+10 5.259E+00 6 8.441E+10 5.674E+00 7 1.797E+11 6.037E+00 Correlation (turbulent region, Grx>1.0E10): Fw/(RUb**2)=0.684Grx**(1/11.9) Ub=[gB(Tw-Ta)N]**(1/3) R: Density N: Kinematic viscosity c. Velocity and temperature data NO. 1 Grx=1.553E10, Tw=60.01 deg., Ta=16.36 deg., N=1.6831E-05 m**2/s u*=0.06487 m/s, t*=2.961 deg., Pr=0.710 y+=u*y/N, U+=U/u*, T+=(Tw-T)/t* y+ U+ T+ u2/u* t2/t* ut/u*t* 1 1.041E+00 8.463E-01 5.970E-01 1.453E-01 3.365E-01 7.710E-03 2 1.426E+00 1.222E+00 8.188E-01 2.002E-01 4.124E-01 5.258E-03 3 1.811E+00 1.562E+00 1.073E+00 2.574E-01 5.268E-01 9.475E-03 4 2.197E+00 1.868E+00 1.293E+00 3.146E-01 6.167E-01 3.799E-03 5 2.582E+00 2.143E+00 1.611E+00 3.986E-01 7.697E-01 9.236E-03 6 2.968E+00 2.414E+00 1.823E+00 4.125E-01 8.399E-01 3.320E-02 7 3.353E+00 2.668E+00 2.059E+00 4.990E-01 9.216E-01 2.226E-03 8 3.739E+00 2.958E+00 2.397E+00 5.565E-01 1.062E+00 4.055E-02 9 4.124E+00 3.251E+00 2.604E+00 6.040E-01 1.174E+00 5.893E-02 10 4.895E+00 3.717E+00 3.073E+00 7.114E-01 1.377E+00 8.111E-02 11 5.666E+00 4.144E+00 3.619E+00 8.563E-01 1.592E+00 1.559E-01 12 6.437E+00 4.572E+00 4.054E+00 9.254E-01 1.734E+00 1.501E-01 13 7.207E+00 5.025E+00 4.432E+00 1.019E+00 1.874E+00 2.986E-01 14 7.978E+00 5.358E+00 4.891E+00 1.063E+00 1.992E+00 3.567E-01 15 9.905E+00 6.182E+00 5.804E+00 1.221E+00 2.235E+00 5.815E-01 16 1.183E+01 6.817E+00 6.545E+00 1.318E+00 2.404E+00 8.528E-01 17 1.376E+01 7.190E+00 7.340E+00 1.407E+00 2.437E+00 1.122E+00 18 1.569E+01 7.258E+00 7.920E+00 1.451E+00 2.511E+00 1.455E+00 19 1.954E+01 7.771E+00 8.702E+00 1.592E+00 2.450E+00 1.935E+00 20 2.339E+01 7.766E+00 9.383E+00 1.643E+00 2.430E+00 2.201E+00 21 2.725E+01 7.865E+00 9.939E+00 1.686E+00 2.303E+00 2.319E+00 22 3.110E+01 7.942E+00 1.029E+01 1.669E+00 2.216E+00 2.301E+00 23 3.496E+01 8.038E+00 1.053E+01 1.730E+00 2.112E+00 2.356E+00 24 3.881E+01 7.876E+00 1.081E+01 1.706E+00 2.033E+00 2.256E+00 25 5.037E+01 7.675E+00 1.141E+01 1.710E+00 1.787E+00 2.143E+00 26 6.194E+01 7.344E+00 1.176E+01 1.753E+00 1.609E+00 1.870E+00 27 7.735E+01 7.022E+00 1.218E+01 1.787E+00 1.402E+00 1.659E+00 28 9.662E+01 6.604E+00 1.256E+01 1.845E+00 1.266E+00 1.404E+00 29 1.159E+02 6.300E+00 1.284E+01 1.816E+00 1.124E+00 1.308E+00 30 1.544E+02 5.229E+00 1.340E+01 1.773E+00 9.146E-01 1.012E+00 31 1.930E+02 4.623E+00 1.366E+01 1.700E+00 8.176E-01 8.200E-01 32 2.315E+02 3.747E+00 1.394E+01 1.568E+00 6.771E-01 6.221E-01 33 2.701E+02 3.316E+00 1.412E+01 1.520E+00 5.971E-01 5.529E-01 34 3.086E+02 2.397E+00 1.432E+01 1.399E+00 5.110E-01 4.016E-01 35 3.857E+02 1.548E+00 1.452E+01 1.030E+00 3.914E-01 2.100E-01 36 4.628E+02 8.062E-01 1.471E+01 6.640E-01 2.036E-01 1.323E-02 37 5.399E+02 -------- 1.468E+01 5.570E-01 1.824E-01 -------- 38 6.169E+02 -------- 1.471E+01 3.424E-01 -------- -------- 39 6.940E+02 -------- 1.473E+01 -------- -------- -------- 40 7.711E+02 -------- 1.473E+01 -------- -------- -------- 41 9.253E+02 -------- 1.472E+01 -------- -------- -------- 42 1.157E+03 -------- 1.463E+01 -------- -------- -------- 43 1.349E+03 -------- 1.467E+01 -------- -------- -------- 44 1.542E+03 -------- 1.470E+01 -------- -------- -------- 45 1.850E+03 -------- 1.468E+01 -------- -------- -------- NO. 2 Grx=3.624E10, Tw=60.05 deg., Ta=16.86 deg., N=1.6857E-05 m**2/s u*=0.06671 m/s, t*=2.841 deg., Pr=0.710 y+=u*y/N, U+=U/u*, T+=(Tw-T)/t* y+ U+ T+ u2/u* t2/t* ut/u*t* 1 1.108E+00 7.375E-01 7.358E-01 1.707E-01 3.640E-01 4.363E-03 2 1.504E+00 1.144E+00 9.705E-01 2.142E-01 4.569E-01 8.089E-03 3 1.900E+00 1.496E+00 1.220E+00 2.665E-01 5.773E-01 1.043E-02 4 2.295E+00 1.880E+00 1.497E+00 3.512E-01 7.159E-01 9.128E-04 5 2.691E+00 2.246E+00 1.778E+00 4.179E-01 7.909E-01 -1.141E-02 6 3.087E+00 2.554E+00 2.042E+00 5.080E-01 8.951E-01 -6.295E-04 7 3.483E+00 2.812E+00 2.458E+00 5.262E-01 1.035E+00 2.217E-02 8 3.878E+00 3.042E+00 2.580E+00 5.866E-01 1.154E+00 6.094E-02 9 4.274E+00 3.388E+00 2.847E+00 6.419E-01 1.252E+00 3.132E-02 10 5.065E+00 3.903E+00 3.281E+00 7.819E-01 1.408E+00 5.024E-02 11 5.857E+00 4.562E+00 3.674E+00 8.838E-01 1.586E+00 5.915E-02 12 6.648E+00 4.789E+00 4.264E+00 9.712E-01 1.776E+00 1.402E-01 13 7.440E+00 5.275E+00 4.568E+00 1.065E+00 1.884E+00 2.354E-01 14 8.231E+00 5.593E+00 5.124E+00 1.164E+00 2.051E+00 2.409E-01 15 1.021E+01 6.396E+00 6.087E+00 1.288E+00 2.304E+00 4.728E-01 16 1.219E+01 7.215E+00 6.650E+00 1.357E+00 2.359E+00 6.073E-01 17 1.417E+01 7.542E+00 7.492E+00 1.459E+00 2.512E+00 1.054E+00 18 1.615E+01 7.957E+00 8.054E+00 1.559E+00 2.511E+00 1.325E+00 19 2.010E+01 8.324E+00 8.966E+00 1.547E+00 2.495E+00 1.543E+00 20 2.406E+01 8.522E+00 9.676E+00 1.620E+00 2.456E+00 1.990E+00 21 2.802E+01 8.471E+00 1.029E+01 1.680E+00 2.379E+00 2.177E+00 22 3.198E+01 8.666E+00 1.065E+01 1.685E+00 2.295E+00 2.226E+00 23 3.593E+01 8.615E+00 1.099E+01 1.749E+00 2.193E+00 2.223E+00 24 3.989E+01 8.658E+00 1.121E+01 1.727E+00 2.094E+00 2.218E+00 25 5.176E+01 8.437E+00 1.168E+01 1.848E+00 1.883E+00 2.101E+00 26 6.364E+01 8.255E+00 1.224E+01 1.832E+00 1.740E+00 1.913E+00 27 7.946E+01 8.000E+00 1.249E+01 1.847E+00 1.517E+00 1.793E+00 28 9.925E+01 7.720E+00 1.281E+01 1.847E+00 1.310E+00 1.525E+00 29 1.190E+02 7.425E+00 1.300E+01 1.896E+00 1.201E+00 1.451E+00 30 1.586E+02 6.716E+00 1.351E+01 1.883E+00 9.835E-01 1.161E+00 31 1.982E+02 5.795E+00 1.383E+01 1.866E+00 8.529E-01 9.645E-01 32 2.378E+02 5.335E+00 1.407E+01 1.794E+00 7.508E-01 8.131E-01 33 2.773E+02 4.379E+00 1.441E+01 1.740E+00 6.533E-01 6.654E-01 34 3.169E+02 3.884E+00 1.437E+01 1.731E+00 5.913E-01 6.210E-01 35 3.961E+02 2.683E+00 1.481E+01 1.588E+00 4.569E-01 3.626E-01 36 4.752E+02 2.214E+00 1.504E+01 1.271E+00 3.566E-01 2.705E-01 37 5.544E+02 1.337E+00 1.517E+01 8.573E-01 2.572E-01 9.513E-02 38 6.335E+02 1.135E+00 1.518E+01 6.678E-01 1.889E-01 4.816E-02 39 7.126E+02 -------- 1.519E+01 4.068E-01 -------- 5.561E-03 40 7.918E+02 -------- 1.509E+01 3.446E-01 -------- -------- 41 9.897E+02 -------- 1.509E+01 -------- -------- -------- 42 1.188E+03 -------- 1.517E+01 -------- -------- -------- 43 1.385E+03 -------- 1.520E+01 -------- -------- -------- 44 1.583E+03 -------- 1.517E+01 -------- -------- -------- 45 1.900E+03 -------- 1.523E+01 -------- -------- -------- No. 3 Grx=8.441E10, Tw=59.97 deg., Ta=16.69 deg., N=1.815E-05 m**2/s u*=0.06929 m/s, t*=2.740 deg., Pr=0.710 y+=u*y/N, U+=U/u*, T+=(Tw-T)/t* y+ U+ T+ u2/u* t2/t* ut/u*t* 1 1.236E+00 1.279E+00 7.810E-01 2.116E-01 3.708E-01 -1.158E-03 2 1.648E+00 1.550E+00 1.013E+00 2.596E-01 4.606E-01 -1.389E-02 3 2.060E+00 1.833E+00 1.324E+00 3.329E-01 5.839E-01 -2.453E-02 4 2.472E+00 2.135E+00 1.607E+00 4.210E-01 7.044E-01 -1.566E-02 5 2.885E+00 2.514E+00 1.716E+00 4.682E-01 8.066E-01 -2.663E-02 6 3.297E+00 2.856E+00 2.046E+00 5.642E-01 9.015E-01 -2.398E-02 7 3.709E+00 3.145E+00 2.332E+00 6.124E-01 1.028E+00 -4.796E-02 8 4.121E+00 3.443E+00 2.582E+00 6.774E-01 1.131E+00 -2.414E-02 9 4.533E+00 3.826E+00 2.766E+00 7.274E-01 1.192E+00 -2.811E-02 10 5.357E+00 4.338E+00 3.360E+00 8.876E-01 1.402E+00 -8.749E-02 11 6.181E+00 4.796E+00 3.866E+00 9.949E-01 1.660E+00 -2.797E-02 12 7.005E+00 5.363E+00 4.358E+00 1.076E+00 1.859E+00 -4.852E-03 13 7.829E+00 5.769E+00 4.738E+00 1.176E+00 1.969E+00 2.305E-02 14 8.654E+00 6.174E+00 5.224E+00 1.237E+00 2.114E+00 4.200E-02 15 1.071E+01 7.135E+00 6.177E+00 1.375E+00 2.345E+00 2.517E-01 16 1.277E+01 7.759E+00 6.866E+00 1.459E+00 2.448E+00 5.562E-01 17 1.483E+01 8.281E+00 7.755E+00 1.528E+00 2.566E+00 7.885E-01 18 1.689E+01 8.591E+00 8.480E+00 1.608E+00 2.600E+00 1.133E+00 19 2.102E+01 9.000E+00 9.453E+00 1.741E+00 2.594E+00 1.749E+00 20 2.514E+01 9.261E+00 1.020E+01 1.816E+00 2.546E+00 2.005E+00 21 2.926E+01 9.498E+00 1.059E+01 1.810E+00 2.434E+00 2.130E+00 22 3.338E+01 9.486E+00 1.103E+01 1.824E+00 2.373E+00 2.153E+00 23 3.750E+01 9.648E+00 1.130E+01 1.810E+00 2.284E+00 2.288E+00 24 4.162E+01 9.571E+00 1.153E+01 1.836E+00 2.200E+00 2.161E+00 25 5.398E+01 9.488E+00 1.216E+01 1.876E+00 1.974E+00 2.207E+00 26 6.634E+01 9.504E+00 1.244E+01 1.898E+00 1.767E+00 2.094E+00 27 8.283E+01 9.307E+00 1.281E+01 1.902E+00 1.573E+00 1.895E+00 28 1.034E+02 8.876E+00 1.312E+01 1.987E+00 1.418E+00 1.770E+00 29 1.240E+02 8.589E+00 1.345E+01 1.980E+00 1.269E+00 1.558E+00 30 1.652E+02 7.932E+00 1.379E+01 2.080E+00 1.091E+00 1.435E+00 31 2.064E+02 7.407E+00 1.404E+01 2.064E+00 9.763E-01 1.234E+00 32 2.477E+02 6.728E+00 1.445E+01 2.026E+00 8.117E-01 1.003E+00 33 2.889E+02 6.451E+00 1.461E+01 2.008E+00 7.675E-01 9.170E-01 34 3.301E+02 5.777E+00 1.483E+01 1.898E+00 6.770E-01 8.259E-01 35 4.125E+02 4.763E+00 1.511E+01 1.870E+00 5.522E-01 5.694E-01 36 4.949E+02 3.516E+00 1.537E+01 1.785E+00 4.942E-01 5.052E-01 37 5.773E+02 2.781E+00 1.548E+01 1.603E+00 3.985E-01 3.161E-01 38 6.597E+02 1.911E+00 1.566E+01 1.224E+00 3.211E-01 2.137E-01 39 7.421E+02 1.728E+00 1.570E+01 1.044E+00 2.309E-01 1.070E-01 40 8.246E+02 1.233E+00 1.574E+01 6.988E-01 2.295E-01 4.610E-02 41 1.031E+03 -------- 1.571E+01 3.345E-01 -------- -------- 42 1.237E+03 -------- 1.563E+01 -------- -------- -------- 43 1.443E+03 -------- 1.572E+01 -------- -------- -------- 44 1.649E+03 -------- 1.564E+01 -------- -------- -------- 45 1.978E+03 -------- 1.571E+01 -------- -------- -------- NO. 4 Grx=1.797E11, Tw=60.42 deg., Ta=16.51 deg., N=1.6804E-05 m**2/s u*=0.07182 m/s, t*=2.695 deg., Pr=0.710 y+=u*y/N, U+=U/u*, T+=(Tw-T)/t* y+ U+ T+ u2/u* t2/t* ut/u*t* 1 1.325E+00 1.401E+00 9.289E-01 2.200E-01 4.330E-01 -4.328E-03 2 1.752E+00 1.683E+00 1.122E+00 2.960E-01 5.191E-01 -1.363E-02 3 2.180E+00 1.988E+00 1.351E+00 3.691E-01 5.904E-01 -2.885E-02 4 2.607E+00 2.357E+00 1.634E+00 4.412E-01 7.106E-01 -5.900E-03 5 3.035E+00 2.590E+00 1.923E+00 4.857E-01 8.627E-01 -1.453E-02 6 3.462E+00 3.010E+00 2.087E+00 5.492E-01 9.143E-01 -5.538E-02 7 3.889E+00 3.329E+00 2.336E+00 6.196E-01 1.002E+00 -6.484E-02 8 4.317E+00 3.720E+00 2.610E+00 7.300E-01 1.188E+00 -6.494E-02 9 4.744E+00 4.013E+00 2.924E+00 8.073E-01 1.277E+00 -9.744E-02 10 5.599E+00 4.605E+00 3.513E+00 9.606E-01 1.492E+00 -1.347E-02 11 6.454E+00 5.153E+00 4.025E+00 1.035E+00 1.680E+00 -1.663E-01 12 7.309E+00 5.639E+00 4.408E+00 1.214E+00 1.854E+00 -1.278E-01 13 8.163E+00 6.119E+00 4.885E+00 1.245E+00 1.989E+00 -1.209E-01 14 9.018E+00 6.527E+00 5.262E+00 1.271E+00 2.100E+00 -1.797E-01 15 1.116E+01 7.671E+00 6.326E+00 1.469E+00 2.387E+00 1.036E-02 16 1.329E+01 8.246E+00 7.231E+00 1.596E+00 2.523E+00 2.051E-01 17 1.543E+01 8.677E+00 7.971E+00 1.660E+00 2.627E+00 5.755E-01 18 1.757E+01 9.049E+00 8.569E+00 1.732E+00 2.650E+00 9.258E-01 19 2.184E+01 9.500E+00 9.687E+00 1.802E+00 2.660E+00 1.519E+00 20 2.611E+01 9.928E+00 1.016E+01 1.835E+00 2.570E+00 1.702E+00 21 3.039E+01 1.005E+01 1.093E+01 1.857E+00 2.481E+00 1.882E+00 22 3.466E+01 1.020E+01 1.135E+01 1.878E+00 2.413E+00 2.049E+00 23 3.894E+01 1.035E+01 1.167E+01 1.892E+00 2.349E+00 2.178E+00 24 4.321E+01 1.033E+01 1.202E+01 1.947E+00 2.240E+00 2.218E+00 25 5.603E+01 1.046E+01 1.240E+01 1.966E+00 2.003E+00 2.092E+00 26 6.885E+01 1.041E+01 1.283E+01 1.977E+00 1.845E+00 2.134E+00 27 8.595E+01 1.018E+01 1.317E+01 2.057E+00 1.630E+00 2.015E+00 28 1.073E+02 9.706E+00 1.355E+01 2.098E+00 1.469E+00 1.916E+00 29 1.287E+02 9.529E+00 1.381E+01 2.112E+00 1.314E+00 1.777E+00 30 1.714E+02 8.784E+00 1.420E+01 2.172E+00 1.144E+00 1.546E+00 31 2.142E+02 8.176E+00 1.453E+01 2.164E+00 9.814E-01 1.301E+00 32 2.569E+02 7.531E+00 1.483E+01 2.150E+00 8.330E-01 1.120E+00 33 2.996E+02 7.168E+00 1.496E+01 2.121E+00 7.811E-01 1.003E+00 34 3.424E+02 6.571E+00 1.520E+01 2.147E+00 7.184E-01 8.974E-01 35 4.279E+02 5.599E+00 1.542E+01 2.029E+00 6.145E-01 6.995E-01 36 5.133E+02 4.981E+00 1.561E+01 1.923E+00 5.224E-01 6.003E-01 37 5.988E+02 4.062E+00 1.578E+01 1.817E+00 4.664E-01 4.542E-01 38 6.843E+02 3.109E+00 1.597E+01 1.669E+00 3.996E-01 3.741E-01 39 7.698E+02 2.097E+00 1.610E+01 1.373E+00 3.534E-01 2.073E-01 40 8.553E+02 1.909E+00 1.622E+01 1.329E+00 3.056E-01 2.317E-01 41 1.069E+03 1.000E+00 1.633E+01 7.006E-01 2.743E-01 4.409E-02 42 1.283E+03 -------- 1.639E+01 3.034E-01 -------- -------- 43 1.496E+03 -------- 1.622E+01 -------- -------- -------- 44 1.710E+03 -------- 1.643E+01 -------- -------- -------- 45 2.052E+03 -------- 1.628E+01 -------- -------- -------- A dimensionless distance Z used to plot data in the article can be calculated from the following equation: Z=-(y/x)(Kf/Kw)Nux where Kf and Kw are thermal conductivities at film and wall temperature, respectively. 9. MESUREMENT UNCERTAINTY The estimated uncertainties (95% coverage) are as follows: y+ = ?}0.13 Nux = ?}6% Fw/(RUb**2)= ?}4% U+ = ?}0.14 T+ = ?}0.14 u2/u* = ?}0.04 t2/t* = ?}0.05 ut/u*t*= ?}0.07 10. GRAPH