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Archival Manuscripts Utilized
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Archives Used for This Study:
Alabama Department of Archives and History
Church of Jesus Christ of the Lsatter Day Saints, Family History Center
College of William and Mary Library
East Tennessee Historical Society
Handley Public Library (Winchester, Virginia)
Historical Society of Pennsylvania
North Carolina Department of Archives and History
Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina
State Historical Society of Wisconsin, McCormick Collection
Tennessee State Library and Archives
University of Kentucky Special Collections
University of Tennessee Special Collections
University of Virginia Library
Virginia State Library and Archives
Washington and Lee University Library
West Virginia University Library
Frederick County, Maryland Livestock Brand Registry, 1851-1853, County Land Records
Blacksburg, Virginia
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Library
Virginia and Tennessee Railroad Minutes, Virginia and Tennessee Railroad Collection
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Brainerd Journal, American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Papers
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina
Walter Alves Papers
John McPherson Berrien Papers
John Houston Bills Papers
John Luther Bridges Papers
Hamilton Brown Papers
Farish Carter Papers
Calvin J. Cowles Papers
William G. Dickson Papers
H.B. Eiler Letter Book
George Phifer Erwin Papers
Peachy R. Grattan Papers
James Hervey Greenlee Diary, 1848-53
James Gwyn Papers
Peter Wilson Hairston Papers
Stephen B. Heard Papers
Hoke Papers
Nathaniel Hunt and Company Papers
Gen. Edmund Jones Papers
Jones and Patterson Family Papers
Lenoir Family Papers
James Lee Love Papers
Lucilla Gamble McCorkle Diary, William McCorkle Papers
Silas McDowell Papers
Peter Mallett Papers
James Mallory Diary
Theodore Morrison Papers
Pettigrew Family Papers
George Wesley Race Diary
Jacob Siler Papers
Thomas George Walton Papers
Plowden C.J. Weston, "Plantation Instructions"
Martha Ann Hancock Wheat Diary, 1850-1866
Willis R. Williams Papers
Benjamin Cudworth Yancey Papers
Charlottesville, Virginia
University of Virginia Library
Charles J. Affleck Papers
Edmund Bacon Memoranda Book
Barbour Family Papers
Barringer Family Papers
Baumgardner Family Papers
Bell Family Papers
Berkeley Family Papers
Blackwell Family Papers
James Breckenridge Papers
Breckinridge Family Papers
Broad Run Baptist Church Minutes, 1762-1859
Austin Brockenbrough Papers
Bruce Family Papers
Buck Family Papers
John Buford Papers
Byers Family Papers
William D. Cabell Papers
Carr Family Papers
E.G. Chapman Farm Journal
Chestnut Grove Baptist Minute Books, 1773-1860
Christ Episcopal Church, Parish Register, 1830-1865
William W. Davis Iron Manufacturing Company Papers
Nancy Emerson Diary, Emerson Family Papers
Etna Furnace Papers
Folly Farms Papers
Richard Foster Papers
Goose Creek Baptist Church Records, 1775-1853
William T. Gordon Diary, Gordon Family Papers
Graham Family Papers
Grinnan Family Papers
Holland Family Papers
John Hook and Bowker Preston Papers
Hubard Family Papers
Phoebe Jackson Account Book
James River and Kanawha Canal Company Papers
Thomas Jefferson Papers
Keith Family Papers
Kelly-Norris Papers
Kohler Papers
Gen. Joel Leftwich Papers
Lewis, Anderson and Marks Family Papers
McCue Family Papers
McDowell Family Papers
Massie Family Papers
Mathews-Dundore Papers
Socrates Maupin Papers
Callohill Mennis Papers
Louisa H.A. Minor Diary, 1855-1866
Mount Ed Baptist Church Minute Book
Nelson County Business Ledgers
New Hope Baptist Church Minute Book, Thomas S. Bobcock Papers
Wilson Cary Nicholas Papers
Page-Walker Family Papers
Perry, Martin, and McCue Family Papers
Preston-Davis Family Papers
Randolph Family Papers
Register of Free Blacks, Washington County
Rives Family Papers
Rust Family Papers
Southside Virginia Family Papers
Alexander H.H. Stuart Letters
George Thrift Papers, 1844-1858
Trist, Burke and Randolph Family Papers
Nathaniel Beverly Tucker Papers
Virginia Letters Collection
Walker Family Papers
Wallace Family Papers
Watson Family Papers
Weaver-Brady Iron Works and Grist Mill Papers
Weaver-Brady Records
White Family Papers
Floyd L. Whitehead Papers
Wilson, Whitehead, and Houston Family Papers
Wise Family Papers
Wright Family Papers
Durham, North Carolina
William L. Perkins Library, Duke University Manuscripts
Thomas Adams Account Books, 1768-1808
Joseph Allred Papers
Francis Thomas Anderson Papers
John L. Bailey Collection
Daniel Baker Papers
Bedinger-Dandridge Letters
Alfred W. Bell Papers
N.L. Blakemore Papers
James Blanton Papers
William Bolling Papers
Bryaryly, Samuel, Richard and Rowland Papers
Campbell Family Papers
Clement Claiborne Clay Papers
Samuel Smith Downey Papers
Charles Ellis and George Wythe Munford Papers
Mary D. Fraser Papers and Account Books
Tyre Glen Papers
William H. Hatchett Papers
John Warfield Johnston Collection
Michael Kidwiler Papers
Henry Clay Krebs Papers
William LaPrade Account Books, 1839-1860
William Law Papers
Thomas Lenoir Papers
Joseph Long Papers
Henry Kent McCay Papers
James McDowell Papers
Mary Singleton McDuffie Papers
Hugh Minor Notebooks
Battaile Muse Papers
John Quincy Adams Nadenbousch Papers
John M. Orr Papers
Green W. Penn Papers
Benjamin Pennybacker Daybook
Poor Relief Records, Augusta County, Virginia, 1791-1822
H.I. Rhodes Memorandum Book
John Rutherford Papers and Letter Books
Richard W. Sanders and John W. Greene Papers and Notebooks
Samuel P. Sherrill Account Book
Staunton, Virginia Poor Records, 1770-1872
Vincent Tapp Papers
Augustin Louis Taveau Papers
Cabell Tavenner and Alexander Scott Withers Papers
William Holland Thomas Papers
John W. Timberlake Papers
Michael H. Turrentine Papers
William Weaver Papers
F.L. Whitehead and N. Lofftus Accounts of Slave Trading
Alice Williamson Diary, Digitized Collections http://Scriptorium.lib.duke.edu
Philip J. Winn Collection
Knoxville, Tennessee
East Tennessee Historical Society
Knoxville Industrial Association, "Facts and Figures, 1869," trade pamphlet
Knoxville, Tennessee
University of Tennessee Special Collections
Caldwell Papers
"Diary of William R. Caswell, 1856," Typescript.
John Sevier Papers
O.P. Temple Papers
Lexington, Kentucky
University of Kentucky Special Collections
Buckner Family Papers
William Calk Papers
Diary of Judge Cabell Chenault, Chenault-Bowmar Family Papers
J. Winston Coleman Papers on Slavery, Typescripts
Forsythe Family Papers
Francis M. Goddard Diary, 1834-1850
Graham Account Book
Halley Family Papers
John Halley, "Journal of Trips to New Orleans"
Hilton Family Diaries
Hunt-Morgan Family Papers
Kentucky House Journal (1838-1839)
Joseph and Archibald Logan Papers
Means-Seaton Papers
National Society of the Colonial Dames, "Old Furnaces of Kentucky," Typescript
Scott Family Papers
Cyrenius Wait Papers
Wickliffe-Preston Papers
Lexington, Virginia
Washington and Lee University Library
Etna Furnace Company Account Book, 1854-57
Louisville, Kentucky
Willis and Lafayette Green Papers, 1818-60
Edward Harris Letter, 1797
Mason County, Kentucky Account Book, 1797-1799
Frank B. Russell Papers, 1849-60
Peyton Skipwith Papers
John Wallace Journal
Warrick-Miller Papers
Madison, Wisconsin
McCormick Collection, State Historical Society of Wisconsin
Jordan and Davis Papers
Montgomery, Alabama
Alabama Department of Archives and History
George Brewer, "History of Coosa, Alabama," Typescript.
Montevallo Coal Mining Company Records
Pardons, Paroles and Clemency Files, 1821-1853
B. Smith Letter, 15 August 1844
Morgantown, West Virginia
West Virginia University Manuscripts
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Records
Barbour County, Miscellany Papers # 1115
Barbour County Manuscripts and Articles
Barbour County Typescript
John Bassel Papers
Alfred Beckley Papers
Louis Bennett Papers
Arthur I. Boreman Papers
Daniel Boardman Papers
Brooke County Archives
James M. Burnside Papers
Andrew Nelson Campbell Papers
Charles L. Campbell Typescripts
Chapin Family Papers
John P. Clarke Papers
Coal River and Kanawha Mining and Manufacturing Company Account Books
Justus Collins Papers
Courtney Family Papers
James M. Crump Typescript
Ruth Woods Dayton Papers
Deakins Family Papers
Marmaduke Dent Papers
J. Q. Dickinson and Company Papers
Donnally and Steele Kanawha Salt Works Records, 1813-1815
William Henry Edwards Papers
Stephen B. Elkins Papers
William Ewin Papers
Ralph Fairfax Records
Fairmont General Store Records
Fleming Family Papers
L.J. Forman Papers
Free Negro Register, Monroe County Archives
Freeman Family Papers
M.J. Garrison and Company Records
A.C.L. Gatewood Papers
David Goff Papers
Great Kanawha Coal, Oil and Metallurgic Company Papers
Jacob Guseman Records
Harrison Hagans Papers
William Hall Papers
Felix G. Hansford Papers
Harper's Ferry Typescript
Harrison County Tax Book, 1831-1832
R.H. Hendershot Shipping Bills
Henderson-Tomlinson Families Papers
Adolphus P. Howard Papers
Alfred Hughes Stock Certificates
Ice's Ferry Typescripts
Iron Furnaces Typescript
George W. Johnson Papers
Kanawha County Archives
Kanawha County Court Records
John Pendleton Kennedy Papers
Ku Klux Klan, Monongalia County Manuscripts
Peter T. Laisley Papers
Frederick B. Lambert Papers
Legislative Petitions of Kanawha County
Eugene Levassor Papers
Lewis Family Papers
Lightburn Family Papers
John R. Lynch Papers
John Williamson Marshall Papers
Marshall County Archives
John D. Martin Papers
Mason County Court records
Lewis Maxwell Papers
Maysville, Kentucky Papers
John McClaugherty Papers
McCoy Family Papers
Isaac McNeel Papers
McNeill Family Papers
Edward E. Meredith Papers
H.E. Metheny Papers
Henry O. Middleton Correspondence
Charles C. Miller Farm Records
William D. Mintz Papers
R. Emmett Mockler Papers
Monogalia County Land and Legal Papers, 1783-1859
Monroe County Archives
Monroe County Road Records, 1812-1862
James Rogers Moreland Papers
Henri Jean Mugler Diary
William P.L. Neale Manuscript
Fred T. Newbaugh Papers
Bradford Noyes Recollections
Lawrence William Nuttall Papers
Ohio County, West Virginia Brand Registration, 1772-1935
Parkersburg Town Council Journals, 1855-1862
Carleton Custer Pierce Papers
George McCandless Porter Papers
Preston County Papers, 1775-1918
William Price Papers
Raleigh County Archives
Rathbone Family Papers
Thomas P. Ray Diary, 1829-1852
C.R. Rector Typescript
John Rogers Papers
Ruffner-Donally and Company Records
Salt Sulphur Springs Records
James B. Shahan Letter
Samuel W. Shingleton Records
Sloan Brothers Papers
George W. Smith Papers
William Sommerville Papers
Stover College Records
George Cookman Sturgiss Papers
Summers County Archives
George W. and Lewis Summers Papers
Sweet Springs Records
Talbott-Tolbert Family Papers
Taverns Typescript
Roy Thistle Papers
Samuel D. Thorn Ledger
William Tompkins Papers, Roy Bird Collection
White Sulphur Springs C. Records
Luke Willcox Diary, 1853-54
Nathaniel V. Wilson Correspondence
Wilson-Lewis Family Papers
Wilson-Stribling Families Papers
Winifrede Mining and Manufacturing Company Documents
Woodbridge-Blennerhassett Papers
William Gordon Worley Papers
Nashville, Tennessee
Ophelia Egypt, H. Masuoka, and C. S. Johnson, Comp. "Unwritten History of Slavery: Autobiographical Account of Negro Ex-slaves." Social Science Document No. 1 (1945), Mimeographed Typescript.
Nashville, Tennessee
Tennessee State Library and Archives
Knox County Road Commissioners Minutebook, 1808-1819
Chris D. Livesay Papers
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Historical Society of Pennsylvania
Elihu Embree Papers
Raleigh, North Carolina
North Carolina Department of Archives and History
Walter Clark Papers
David L. Swain Papers
Richmond, Virginia
Campbell-Preston Papers
Caperton Family Papers
John Dawson Letters
Ellzey Family Papers
John E. Fletcher Papers
Holburn Letterbook, Tayloe Papers
James Lawrence Hooff Diary
James River and Kanawha Company Papers
David Ross Letterbook, 1812-1813
William Macon Waller Papers
Richmond, Virginia
Virginia State Library and Archives
Bethel Baptist Church Character Certificates, Garnett Ryland Collection
Legislative Papers, a Collection of 25,000 Petitions Sent to the Legislature of Virginia, 1775-1860
Lewis Medical Account Book
Loudoun County Court Records
Cyrus H. McCormick Letter, 2 December 1854
Mountain Plain Baptist Church Minute Book, 1833-1869
Registers of Death, 1853-1860
Roanoke District Baptist Association Records
William Henry Ruffner Papers
Slaves Condemned, Executed and Transported, 1783-1865, Records Group 48, Auditor of Public Accounts
Tredegar Letterbook, Tredegar Company Records
Virginia Board of Public Works Reports, Legislative Documents
Virginia Executive Papers, Letters Received, 1750-1835
Zion Hill Baptist Church Records
Salt Lake City, Utah
Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints, Family History Center
Bradley County, Tennessee Poor Commission Records
County Tax Lists for North Carolina, Virginia and West Virginia
Claiborne County, Tennessee, Livestock Brands, 1853-1879
Claiborne County, Tennessee, Stage Coach Book
Troy, Alabama
John Horry Dent Farm Journals and Account Books, 1840-1892
Washington, D.C.
American Colonization Society Papers
Washington, D.C.
Assistant Superintendents Records, Records of the Assistant Commissioner for the State of Virginia, Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, 1865-1868, Record Group 105, M784, M1246
Census Roll, 1835, of the Cherokee Indians East of the Mississippi
Federal Writers Project. "Slave Narratives, A Folk History of Slavery in the United States from Interviews with Former Slaves." Typewritten Records, 1941.
Freedmen Labor Contracts, Records of the Assistant Commissioner for the State of Tennessee, Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, 1865-1868, Record Group 105, M999, Roll 20
Records of the Cherokee Indian Agency in Tennessee, 1801-1835
Records of the Education Division, Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, 1865-1868, Record Group 105, Pub. No. 803, Roll 16
Records Relating to Court Cases involving Freedmen, Records of the Assistant Commissioner for the State of Virginia, Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, 1865-1868, Record Group 105, M1048, Reel 59
Records Relating to Murders and Outrages, Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, 1865-1868, Record Group 105, M798, Roll 32; M843, Rolls 31-33, 39; M869, Roll 34; M999, Roll 34; M1048, Reel 59
U.S. Census Office, Census Enumerator Manuscripts for Appalachian Counties were utilized for these censuses:
Census of Agriculture, 1860
Census of Agriculture, 1870
Census of Population, 1860
Census of Population, 1870
Census of Manufacturing, 1860
Slave Schedules, 1840-1860
U.S. Congress, Report No. 39, 22nd Congress, First Session
Williamsburg, Virginia
College of William and Mary Library
Brown, Coalter, and Tucker Family Papers
Winchester, Virginia
Ellen Afto Manuscript
L. Allan Letter
Allen Family Papers
Rebecca Ebert, "A Window on the Valley," typescript
Market Street United Methodist Church Records, 1842-1860